Tissue Paper Production: Optimizing Forming Fabric Selection

Tissue Paper: Unique Forming Challenges

Tissue production at 14–22 gsm presents unique challenges for forming fabric selection. The extremely low basis weight sheet requires precise fiber support while maintaining high dewatering rates for productivity.

Key Requirements for Tissue Forming

Fiber Support Index (FSI): Must exceed 140 for stable sheet formation at low basis weights.

Dewatering Capacity: Tissue machines operating at 1,500–2,200 m/min require:

• Air permeability of 500–600 CFM
• Optimized open area for rapid drainage
• Minimal flow resistance through the fabric structure

Surface Smoothness: Directly affects finished tissue softness.

SSB Triple-Layer Forming Fabrics for Tissue

The preferred construction for modern tissue machines:

1. Fine top layer — fiber support on the sheet side
2. Coarse bottom layer — wear resistance on the machine side
3. Binder weft yarns — structural integrity

Common Tissue Forming Issues

Problem	Likely Cause	Solution
Pinholes	Insufficient fiber support	Increase fabric FSI
Sheet Breaks	Poor dewatering	Use higher CFM fabric
Formation Streaks	Uneven fabric wear	Check cleaning and tension
Low Bulk	Over-compaction	Reduce vacuum levels